Directional device for an orifice member

ABSTRACT

A directional device for an orifice member having a minimum orifice diameter and an orifice outlet end is disclosed. The orifice member conducts the fluid in an outward direction through the orifice outlet end. The directional device directs the fluid in a predetermined direction toward a work area and has a longitudinal member provided with an outlet end and an inlet end. The inlet end of the longitudinal member has an inlet end diameter equal to or less than the minimum orifice diameter. Packing means are disposed between the inlet end and the orifice outlet end. The packing means has a bonding strength sufficient to secure the inlet end of the longitudinal member to the orifice member during the transmission of the fluid through the directional device but insufficient to prevent the removal of the directional device from the orifice member into the work area without damage to or movement of the orifice member. A directional member is connected to the outlet end of the longitudinal member for directing the fluid in the predetermined direction into the work area.

United States Patent Lambert J. Kolboy Evergreen Park;

Fred Della Rose, Chicago, both of III. [211 App]. No. 36 539 [22] Filed [45] Patented [73] Assignee ['72] inventors Oct. 5, 1971 United States Steel Corporation [54] DIRECTIONAL DEVICE FOR AN ORIFICE Primary Examinerl(enneth W. Sprague AttorneyRobert J. Leek, Jr.

ABSTRACT: A directional device for an orifice member having a minimum orifice diameter and an orifice outlet end is disclosed. The orifice member conducts the fluid in an outward direction through the orifice outlet end. The directional device directs the fluid in a predetermined direction toward a work area and has a longitudinal member provided with an outlet end and an inlet end. The inlet end of the longitudinal member has an inlet end diameter equal to or less than the minimum orifice diameter. Packing means are disposed between the inlet end and the orifice outlet end. The packing means has a bonding strength sufficient to secure the inlet end of the longitudinal member to the orifice member during the transmission of the fluid through the directional device but insufficient to prevent the removal of the directional device from the orifice member into the work area without damage to or movement of the orifice member. A directional member is connected to the outlet end of the longitudinal member for directing the fluid in the predetermined direction into the work area.

PATENTED OCT 5 I97! SHEET 1 BF 3 INVENTORS.

LAMBERT J. K/LBOY 6 FRED 5. DELLA ROSE Harney [1 BET 5 WI PATENTF.

SHEET 2 [1F 3 INVENTORS.

LAMBERT J. K/LBOY 8 DE4LA ROSE A r rorney PATENTED UB1 5m FIG. 3.

SHEET 3 [1F 3 //v v54! TORS. LAMBERT .1. KIL 80) a FRED s. DELLA ROSE y A! torney DIRECTIONAL DEVICE FOR AN ORIFICE MEMBER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Heretofore, newly lined refractory hearths and walls of blast furnaces have been dried by blowing hot air or the like through the tuyeres and into the furnace. One of the disadvantages of this method was the fact that the hot air would blow directly across the furnace where it would strike the hot air from other tuyeres, thereby causing most of the hot air to flow upwardly with attendant limited flow of hot air to the hearth bottom where it was needed to dry the newly lined hearth. As a result, longer periods of time were required to dry the newly lined hearth bottom long after the sidewalls adjacent the tuyeres were dried, thereby increasing down production time of the blast furnace due to the excessive drying time required to sufficiently dry the hearth bottom of the blast furnace.

In an effort to reduce the drying time required for the newly lined hearth bottom of the blast furnace, peripheral ring was secured as by welding or the like to a longitudinal pipe and affixed in a tight fit in the taper of the tuyere to prevent the longitudinal pipe from falling into the furnace below. An elbow connected to the longitudinal pipe on the furnace end of the pipe was directed downwardly to direct the hot airflow toward the hearth bottom. Resulting airflow was satisfactory and reduced the drying time required for the hearth bottom, but it was necessary to remove the tuyere associated with the Iongitudinal pipe in order to remove the longitudinal pipe from the tuyere, thereby disturbing the newly dried tuyere cooler packing and inducing breakout of the furnace during the blowing-in period of the blast furnace. In addition, many hours of furnace labor were required to remove the tuyeres and the directional devices.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It is the general object of this invention to avoid and overcome the foregoing and other difficulties of and objections to prior art practice by the provision of an improved directional device for an orifice member, which directional device:

a. is secured to the orifice member by a packing material having sufficient bonding strength to secure the inlet end of the directional device to the orifice member during transmission of the fluid through the directional device;

b. has an inlet end of the directional device secured to the orifice member by a packing material having bonding strength which is insufficient to prevent the removal of the directional device from the orifice member into the work area without damage to or movement of the orifice member;

c. which reduces the drying period or fluid transmission period required to accomplish the work in the work area; and

d. which is readily removed from the orifice member within a minimum period of time.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The aforesaid objects of this invention and other objects which will become apparent as the description proceeds are achieved by providing a directional device for an orifice member having a minimum orifice diameter and an orifice outlet end. The orifice member conducts the fluid in an outward direction through the orifice outlet end. The directional device directs the fluid in a predetermined direction toward a work area and has a longitudinal member provided with an outlet end and an inlet end. The inlet end of the longitudinal member has an inlet end diameter equal to or less than the minimum orifice diameter. Packing means are disposed between the inlet end and the orifice outlet end. The packing means has a bonding strength sufficient to secure the inlet end of the longitudinal member to the orifice member during the transmission of the fluid through the directional device but insufiicient to prevent the removal of the directional device from the orifice member into the work area without damage to or movement of the orifice member. A directional member is connected to the outlet end of the longitudinal member for directing the fluid in the predetermined direction into the work area.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS For a better understanding of this invention, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings wherein like numerals of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views and wherein:

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the hearth section, slag notch section, and tuyere section of a blast furnace and showing an improved directional device of the present invention connected to one of the tuyeres of the blast furnace;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the tuyere portion of the blast furnace and showing the details of the tuyere and the associated directional device;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary view similar to FIG. 2 showing the longitudinal member of the directional device with a threaded inlet end and the directional member disposed at an angle of about 45 with the longitudinal member;

FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIGS. 3 and 4 of an alternative embodiment of the invention showing the longitudinal member of the directional device with a tapered head on its inlet end and the directional member disposed at an angle of about 60 with respect to the longitudinal member;

FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIGS. 2-4 of a further alternative embodiment of the invention showing the packing means containing nonmetallic or metallic fibers and the directional device disposed with respect to the longitudinal member at an angle of about 30;

FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIGS. 2-5 of another alternative embodiment wherein the longitudinal member of the directional device is provided with a plurality of rings on its inlet end;

FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIGS. 2-6 of another alternative embodiment showing a coupling on the threaded inlet end of the longitudinal member and the directional member and its associated coupling omitted;

FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIGS. 2-7 of yet another alternative embodiment showing dimples on the inlet end of the longitudinal member and protuberances on tuyere; and

FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIGS. 2-8 of a further embodiment showing serrations on the tuyere and corrugations on the inlet end of the longitudinal member.

Although the principles of this invention are broadly applicable to an improved directional device for an orifice member having a minimum orifice diameter and an orifice outlet end and adapted to conduct a fluid in an outward direction through the orifice outlet end, this invention is particularly adapted for use in conjunction with a tuyere of a blast furnace and is adapted to conduct a heating fluid towards a work area, such as a hearth bottom or the like of the blast furnace, and hence it has been so illustrated and will be so described.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION With specific reference to the form of this invention illustrated in the drawings and referring particularly to FIG. I, a blast furnace is indicated generally by the reference numeral 10.

The blast furnace I0, being of conventional design, has a blast furnace wall 12 (FIGS. 1,2) formed of refractory brick of the Cone 23 Super Duty type made by Kaiser Refractory Company, Oakland, California or the like and a hearth bottom 14 formed of layers of high-duty-type refractory brick made by Kaiser Refractory Company, Oakland, California, Cone 23 super Duty or the like refractory brick. In the middle portions of FIG. 1 is disposed an orifice member, such as a tuyere 16 or the like. This tuyere 16 (FIGS. 1-7), suitably copper or the like, projects from the tuyere cooler 18 (FIGS. 1-9), suitably copper or the like. The tuyere 16 is secured to the tuyere cooler 18 by means of machine taper fit or the like. The tuyere ALTERNATIVE EMBODIMENTS cooler 18 is secured to the brick wall 12 by means of a tuyere cooler seat 19 (FIGS. 1,2), suitably steel or the like, by means of a machine taper fit with the copper tuyere cooler 18 and to the brick wall 12 by grouting and packing 20 (FIGS. 1-9) of Ram 80 type made by Combustion Engineering Company, TABLE 1 New York, N.Y. or the like. A heated fluid, such as heated air or the like at a temperature in the range of about 300 to about I,000 F is conducted for a period of about I to 300 hours 10 plastic Rchmory It will be understood by those skilled in the art that alternatively the packing means 46 may be formed of the following materials shown in Table I below:

from a bustle pipe 22 (FIG. I) through a gooseneck 24, a nip- Manufacturer ple 26, a tuyere stock 28, and blowpipe 30 into the tuyere 16 for the purpose, as shown in FIGS. 1,3, of drying the newly Ramite ClzE Refractories Division or lined hearth bottom 14 (FIG. l). A manual shutoff valve 32 Combustion s i x (FIGS. 1,2) is disposed between the nipple 26 and the tuyere l5 h n II 8 stock 28. The tuyere stock 28 is provided with a peep sight Ram 85 2 opening 34 through which the interior of the furnace may Carbon pawl, Chicago hunk comp, be viewed during blast furnace operation and used in the in- Chicago, Illinois stant case for the insertion of a rod or bar 29 (FIG. 2) as will HtMs!m 0MP! hereinafter be explained.

Tap Hole Mix A. P. Green Refractories Company TUYERE l6 Subsidiary of U. S. Gypsum Co.

Lansing, Illinois The tuyere 16 has a minumum orifice diameter d, (FIG. 2) and an orifice outlet end 36 (FIGS. 2-9 The tuyere 16, in the Paniculaf case being illustrated in FIGS- is adapted to In addition the following taphole mixes may be employed: conduct a fluid such as heated air or the like, in an outward b t 12 percent itch;

direction shown by the arrows in FIG. 2 through the orifice about 10-12 percent quartz hi s; and

Outlet end v balance ground fire clay made by Illinois Valley Mineral Corp., Ottawa, Illinois; and

DIRECTIONAL DEVICE 38 b. such ground fire clay packed with an asbestos fire A directional device 38 for directing the heated air in a i ki A shown i FIG, 3, h di e tional device 38=has predetermined direction toward the work area, in this case the a threaded inlet end 42 the elbow 43% disposed at an hearthbottom14ofth bl tf c 10h l itdinl e as 6 v as g 3 angle of about 45 with respect to the longitudinal plpe member, suitably a straight piece of steel, ceramic or fire clay 40 ceramic p p or the like. having an inlet end 42 In FIG. 4, directional device 38has its inlet end 42pro- (FIG. 2) and anoutlet end 44 (FIGS. 2-9). The inlet end 42 of vided with a tapered inner head 53 and the elbow 48 i longiludinal P p 40 has Inlet end diameter 1( 40 disposed at an angle of about 60 with respect to the longituwhich is equal to or less than the minimum orifice diameter d di l i 404 (FIG' In FIG. 5, the packing means 46is combined with non- Packing means 46 (FIGS- is disposed between the metallic or metallic fibers or filaments 54 and the elbow 48is inlet end 42 of the longitudinal pipe 40 and the orifice outlet disposed at an angle of about wih respect m he longmb end 36. For packing 46 the gannister-type packing or the like 45 dina] pipe 40 d y United States teel cfnporafion, Pittsburgh, y These fibers 54 may be formed of fiber glass, nylon, titanivanla may be used. This gannlster-type mix has the followlng um, tungsten, copper, lead, steel and the kc and may be of appmx'mate composmon: round or nonround cross section. The nonround fibers may about I2 percent pitch;

about 20 percent quartz of the crystalline type, 56 inch diameter; and

balance Goose Lake, Illinois natural clay.

The packing 46 has a bonding strength sufficient to secure the inlet end 42 of the longitudinal pipe 40 to the tuyere 16 during transmission of the heated fluid through the directional device 38 but insufficient to prevent the removal of the directional device 38 from the tuyere 16 into the work area or interior of the blast furnace 10 without damage to or movement of the tuyere 16 from the packing 20 between the tuyere l6 and the tuyere cooler 18 or from the tuyere cooler 18 itself.

A directional member, such as an elbow 48 (FIGS. 1,2) or the like, is connected by means of a coupling 50 (FIGS. 1,2) to the outlet end 44 of the longitudinal pipe 40 and directs the heated air in the predetermined direction of the arrows in FIGS. 1,2 into the work area adjacent the newly lined hearth ofthe tuyere may be threaded bonom 14 f the m f n e 10 FIG. 8 shows protuberances on the tuyere l6' and dim- In order to remove the directional device 38 (FIGS. 1, 2) P the inlet and oflhe P p f 'om the tuyere l6 pegpsight cover 52 (FIGS 1,2) is pivoted FIG. 9 USES SCI'I'ZIIIOIIS 64 on the tuyere l6 and corrugations away from the peepsighthole 34 and the bar 29 (FIG. 2) is in- 66 on the inlet end 42 of the pipe 40'. serted into the peepsight hole 34 (FIG. 2) to loosen the It will be understood by those skilled in the art that any of packing 46 around the longitudinal pipe 40 and finally to push the anchoring means shown in FIGS. 3 through 9 may be used the directional device 38 (FIG. 2) into the blast furnace 10 on either the tuyere 16 or the inlet end 42 of the pipe 40 or on (FIG. 1). both.

50 have a width dimension in the range of about 0.005 to about 0.15 inches, a thickness dimension in the range of about 0.001 to about 0.03 inches a length of about A to about 3 inches and a percentage of the fibers 54 in a unit volume of the packing 46 in the range of about 0.33 to about 10.0 percent.

The filaments 54 are bonded to the packing means 46 and have an ultimate tensile strength at least equal to the average tensile stress developed in the filaments 54 at bond failure. In addition, the fibers 54 have a width-to-thickness ratio of not 60 greater than about 5.

In FIG. 6, the longitudinal pipe 40 has one or more rings 56 secured, as by welding or the like, to the inlet end 42.

In FIG. 7 the inlet end 42' of the pipe 40'is threaded and has a coupling 58 threaded onto the inlet end 42. The coupling 50 65 and elbow 48 are omitted in the embodiment. The inner por- SUMMARY OF THE ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It will be recognized by those skilled in the art that the objects of this invention have been achieved by providing improved directional devices 38 (FIGS. 1,2), 38 (FIG. 3), 38 (FIG. 4), 38 (FIG. 5), 38 (FIG. 6), 38" (FIG. 7), 38 (FIG. 8) and 38 (FIG. 9) for an orifice member, such as a tuyere 16 or the like, which directional devices are secured to the orifice member 16 by a packing material 46 (FIGS. 1-4, 6-9) and 46" (FIG. 5) having sufficient bonding strength to secure the inlet end 42 of the directional devices 38, etc. to the orifice member 16 during transmison of the fluid through the directional devices 38 etc. but having a bonding strength which is insufficient to prevent the removal of the directional devices 38, etc. from the orifice member 16 into the work area without damage to or movement of the orifice member 16; reduce the drying period of fluid transmission required to accomplish the work in the work area; and are readily removed from the orifice member 16 within a minimum period of time.

While in accordance with the patent statutes, preferred and alternative embodiments of this invention have been illus trated and described in detail, it is to be particularly understood that the invention is not limited thereto or thereby.

We claim:

I. In combination:

a. an orifice member having a minimum orifice diameter and an orifice outlet end and adapted to conduct a fluid in an outward direction through said orifice outlet end;

b. a directional device for directing said fluid in a predetermined direction toward a work area and having:

1. a longitudinal member having an inlet end and an outlet end,

a. said inlet end of said longitudinal member having an inlet end diameter equal to or less than said minumum orifice diameter,

2. packing means disposed between said inlet end of said longitudinal member and said orifice outlet end and having a bonding strength sufficient to secure said inlet end of said longitudinal member to said orifice member during transmission of said fluid through said directional device but insufficient to prevent the removal of said directional movement device from said orifice member into said work area without damage to or mont of said orifice member, and

. a directional member connected to said outlet end of said longitudinal member for directing said fluid in said predetermined direction into said work area.

2. For an orifice member having a minimum orifice diameter and an orifice outlet end and adapted to conduct a fluid in an outward direction through said orifice outlet end, a directional device for directing said fluid in a predetermined direction toward a work area, said directional device having:

a. a longitudinal member having an inlet end and an outlet end;

1. said inlet end of said longitudinal member having an inlet end diameter equal to or less than said minumum orifice diameter,

b. packing means disposed between said inlet end of said longitudinal member and said orifice outlet end and having a bonding strength sufficient to secure said inlet end of said longitudinal member to said orifice member during transmission of said fluid through said directional device from said orifice member into said work area without damage to or movement of said orifice member, and

c. a directional member connected to said outlet end of said longitudinal member for directing said fluid in said predetermined direction into said work area.

3. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein said longitudinal member is formed of a ceramic material.

4. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein said packing means is a refractory material.

5. T e directional device recited ll'l claim 2 wherein said packing means is a plastic refractory material.

6. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein said packing means has fibers disposed therein.

7. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein said directional member is disposed at an angle with respect to said longitudinal member.

8. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein one of said orifice member and said inlet end is threaded.

9. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein one of said orifice member and said inlet end is headed.

10. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein one of said orifice member and said inlet end has a ring secured thereto.

11. For an orifice member having a minimum orifice diameter and an orifice outlet end and adapted to conduct a fluid in an outward direction through said orifice outlet end, a directional device for directing said fluid in a predetermined direction toward a work area, said directional device having:

a. a longitudinal member having an inlet end and an outlet end;

1. said inlet end of said longitudinal member having an inlet end diameter equal to or less than said minimum orifice diameter, and

b. packing means disposed between said inlet end of said longitudinal member and said orifice outlet end and having a bonding strength sufficient to secure said inlet end of said longitudinal member to said orifice member during transmission of said fluid through said directional device from said orifice member into said work area without damage to or movement of said orifice member.

12. The directional device recited in claim 2 and having a coupling member on one of said orifice member and said inlet end.

13. The directional device recited in claim 2 and having protuberances on one of said orifice member and said inlet end.

14. The directional device recited in claim 2 and having dimples on one of said orifice member and said inlet end.

15. The directional device recited in claim 2 and having corrugations on one of said orifice member and said inlet end.

16. The directional device recited in claim 2 and having serrations on one of said orifice member and said inlet end.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent N 3.610.183 a nat mrlfilllfiklw Invent0r(5) Lambert J. Kilbov, et al It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

On the cover sheet [72] "Lambert J. Kolboy" should read Lambert J. Kilboy Column 4, under TABLE I, lines 10-19, should read as follows:

- Plastic Refractory Manufacturer Ramtite C&E Refractories Division of Combustion Engineering Inc. Evergreen Park, Illinois Ram 85 Carbon Patch Chicago wellaville Company Chicago, Illinois line 41, "401 should read 40 Column 5, line 44, cancel "movement"; line 46, "mont" should read movement Signed and sealed this 14th day of November 1972.

(SEAL) Attest:

EDWARD M.FLETCHER,JR. ROBERT GOTTSCHALK Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

1. In combination: a. an orifice member having a minimum orifice diameter and an orifice outlet end and adapted to conduct a fluid in an outward direction through said orifice outlet end; b. a directional device for directing said fluid in a predetermined direction toward a work area and having:
 1. a longitudinal member having an inlet end and an outlet end, a. said inlet end of said longitudinal member having an inlet end diameter equal to or less than said minumum orifice diameter,
 2. packing means disposed between said inlet end of said longitudinal member and said orifice outlet end and having a bonding strength sufficient to secure said inlet end of said longitudinal member to said orifice member during transmission of said fluid through said directional device but insufficient to prevent the removal of said directional movement device from said orifice member into said work area without damage to or mont of said orifice member, and
 3. a directional member connected to said outlet end of said longitudinal member for directing said fluid in said predetermined direction into said work area.
 2. packing means disposed between said inlet end of said longitudinal member and said orifice outlet end and having a bonding strength sufficient to secure said inlet end of said longitudinal member to said orifice member during transmission of said fluid through said directional device but insufficient to prevent the removal of said directional movement device from said orifice member into said work area without damage to or mont of said orifice member, and
 2. For an orifice member having a minimum orifice diameter and an orifice outlet end and adapted to conduct a fluid in an outward direction through said orifice outlet end, a directional device for directing said fluid in a predetermined direction toward a work area, said directional device having: a. a longitudinal member having an inlet end and an outlet end;
 3. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein said longitudinal member is formed of a ceramic material.
 3. a directional member connected to said outlet end of said longitudinal member for directing said fluid in said predetermined direction into said work area.
 4. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein said packing means is a refractory material.
 5. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein said packing means is a plastic refractory material.
 6. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein said packing means has fibers disposed therein.
 7. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein said directional member is disposed at an angle with respect to said longitudinal member.
 8. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein one of said orifice member and said inlet end is threaded.
 9. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein one of said orifice member and said inlet end is headed.
 10. The directional device recited in claim 2 wherein one of said orifice member and said inlet end has a ring secured thereto.
 11. For an orifice member having a minimum orifice diameter and an orifice outlet end and adapted to conduct a fluid in an outward direction through said orifice outlet end, a directional device for directing said fluid in a predetermined direction toward a work area, said directional device having: a. a longitudinal member having an inlet end and an outlet end;
 12. The directional device recited in claim 2 and having a coupling member on one of said orifice member and said inlet end.
 13. The directional device recited in claim 2 and having protuberances on one of said orifice member and said inlet end.
 14. The directional device recited in claim 2 and having dimples on one of said orifice member and said inlet end.
 15. The directional device recited in claim 2 and having corrugations on one of said orifice member and said inlet end.
 16. The directional device recited in claim 2 and having serrations on one of said orifice member and said inlet end. 